It also has significant potential since it is not addressed by several of the large players such as Apple andResearch in Motion, though competition is increasing from local handset players in growth markets.Though the low cost market has existed for some years,  and was championed by the GSMA  as early as 2005,  shipment volumes are expected to be remain  resilient in the medium term, particularly in underpenetrated markets, since mobile penetration rates still lag developed markets by a significant margin. However sales margins will be thin, particularly in the most underdeveloped markets, owing to lack of affordability and eventually even developing markets will become saturated.